Musculoskeletal Pathology - Case 9 - Part 1
   

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The patient is a fetus that was the stillborn product of a gestation estimated to have been 31 weeks by dates. The mother was a 34 year old gravida 5 para 1,0,3,1, normal appearing Caucasian woman. Routine prenatal ultrasound performed at 18 weeks revealed skeletal dysplasia with shortened limbs. Amniocentesis was performed and chromosome analysis was normal. A fetal skeletal survey performed at 28 weeks demonstrated findings consistent with a lethal form of short-lived dwarfism. The patient was delivered by breech vaginal delivery. APGAR scores were 0 at one minute and 0 at five minutes after birth. Multiple congenital anomalies were noted at birth. Resuscitative measures were not performed.

1. What is dwarfism?